You may begin with:

• Incidence & Prevalence Database covers diagnoses and procedures from US and European countries.
• Statista provides some quick statistics and articles on the topic.
• HCUP Statistical Briefs: Procedures and Treatments Overview covers statistics about a variety of procedures performed in US hospitals.

Additional resources:

• Procedures by selected patient characteristics also from the (CDC) Tip: you may browse the collection of National Health Care Surveys for more statistics, e.g., National Survey of Ambulatory Surgery.
• For more specific types of surgery, search for related organizations/associations/society. e.g., The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery provides a collection of data on cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures performed in the States.